Simmons Beautyrest 14ã¢â‚¬â Queen Surfacecool Gel Memory Foam Mattress Review

Component primarily utilized for making cushions or mattresses

Memory cream consists mainly of polyurethane with additional chemicals that increase its viscosity and density. Information technology is oftentimes referred to as "viscoelastic" polyurethane foam, or depression-resilience polyurethane foam (LRPu). The foam bubbles or 'cells' are open, finer creating a matrix through which air tin can move. Higher-density memory cream softens in reaction to trunk heat, allowing it to mold to a warm body in a few minutes. Newer foams may recover their original shape more than quickly.^[1]

How it works [edit]

Retentivity foam derives its viscoelastic properties from several furnishings, due to the material'due south internal structure. The network effect is the force working to restore the cream'due south construction when it is deformed. This result is generated past the deformed porous material pushing outwards to restore its structure against an practical pressure. Three effects work confronting the network effect, slowing the regeneration of the foam'southward original structure:

• The pneumatic issue, caused by the time it takes air to flow into the foam'due south porous structure.
• The adhesive effect, or adhesion, acquired by the stickiness of the surfaces inside the foam, which piece of work against decompression every bit the internal pores within the foam are pressed together
• The relaxation result (the strongest of the three forces working against expansion), caused by the cream'south material being near its glass transition temperature—limiting its mobility, forcing whatsoever modify to be gradual, and slowing the expansion of the foam once the practical pressure level has been removed

The furnishings are temperature-dependent, so the temperature range at which memory foam retains its properties is limited. If it is too cold, information technology hardens. If it is also hot, it acts like conventional foams, apace springing dorsum to its original shape. The underlying physics of this procedure can be described past polymeric pitter-patter.^{[2] [three]}

The pneumatic and agglutinative effects are strongly correlated with the size of the pores within retention foam. Smaller pores atomic number 82 to higher internal surface area and reduced air menstruum, increasing the adhesion and pneumatic furnishings. Thus the foam'south properties can be controlled by changing its prison cell structure and porosity. Its glass transition temperature can likewise be modulated by using additives in the cream'due south material.^[two]

Memory foam's mechanical properties can affect the comfort of mattresses produced with information technology. There is also a trade-off betwixt comfort and durability. Certain retentivity foams may have a more than rigid cell structure, leading to a weaker distribution of weight, but ameliorate recovery of the original structure, leading to improved cyclability and durability. Denser jail cell structure tin can too resist the penetration of water vapor, leading to reduced weathering and better durability and overall advent.^[4]

History [edit]

Memory cream was developed in 1966 under a contract past NASA'due south Ames Research Center to meliorate the safety of aircraft cushions. The temperature-sensitive memory foam was initially referred to as "slow spring back foam"; most called information technology "temper foam".^[5] Created by feeding gas into a polymer matrix, information technology had an open up-cell solid structure that matched pressure against it, yet slowly returned to its original shape.^[6]

Later commercialisation of the foam included employ in medical equipment such as X-ray table pads, and sports equipment such as American / Canadian football helmet liners.

When NASA released retention foam to the public domain in the early on 1980s, Fagerdala World Foams was one of the few companies willing to piece of work with it, equally the manufacturing process remained difficult and unreliable. Their 1991 product, the Tempur-Pedic Swedish Mattress eventually led to the mattress and cushion company Tempur Globe.

Retentivity cream was subsequently used in medical settings. For case, when patients were required to prevarication immobile in bed, on a firm mattress, for an unhealthy menstruation of time, the pressure on some of their trunk regions dumb blood menses, causing pressure sores or gangrene. Memory foam mattresses significantly decreased such events.^[5]

Memory foam was initially too expensive for widespread utilise, but became cheaper. Its most common domestic uses are mattresses, pillows, shoes and blankets. It has medical uses, such as wheelchair seat cushions, infirmary bed pillows and padding for people suffering long-term pain or postural problems; for example, a retention foam cervical pillow may alleviate chronic neck pain. Its heat-retaining properties may help some pain sufferers who find the added warmth helps subtract the pain.

Gel [edit]

Oestrus retention can be a disadvantage when used in mattresses and pillows, so in 2nd-generation memory cream, companies began using open up prison cell structure to improve breathability.

In 2006, the third generation of memory foam was introduced. Gel visco or gel memory foam consists of gel particles fused with visco foam to reduce trapped body oestrus, speed up jump dorsum time and assistance the mattress experience softer. This engineering science was originally developed and patented by Peterson Chemical Technology,^[7] and gel mattresses became popular with the release of Serta's iComfort line and Simmons' Beautyrest line in 2011. Gel-infused retentivity foam was next adult with what were described as "chaplet" containing the gel which, as a phase-alter material, accomplished the desired temperature stabilization or cooling effect by changing from a solid to a liquid "state" within the capsule. Irresolute concrete states tin can significantly alter an element'southward heat absorption properties.

Since the development of gel retentivity foam, other materials have been added. Aloe vera, green tea excerpt and activated charcoal have been combined with it to reduce odors and even provide aromatherapy while sleeping. Rayon has been used in woven mattress covers over memory foam beds to wick moisture away from the body to increase condolement. Phase-change materials (PCMs) have likewise been used in covers on retentiveness foam pillows, beds, and mattress pads. Materials other than polyurethane likewise have the backdrop necessary to make memory cream. Polyethylene terephthalate, one such polymeric material, provides certain benefits over polyurethane, such as recyclability, lightness, and thermal insulation.^[eight]

Mattresses [edit]

A retention foam mattress is usually denser than other cream mattresses, making it both more than supportive and heavier. Memory foam mattresses are often sold for college prices than traditional mattresses. Memory cream used in mattresses is commonly manufactured in densities ranging from less than 24kg/thou³ (1.v lb/ft³) to 128kg/1000^three (8 lb/ft³) density. Most standard memory cream has a density of sixteen–80 kg/m³ (1 to 5 lb/ft³). Most bedding, such as topper pads and condolement layers in mattresses, has a density of 48–72 kg/m³ (three to four.v lb/ft^three). High densities such as 85 kg/m^three (five.iii lb/ft^three) are used infrequently.

The firmness property (hard to soft) of memory foam is used in determining comfort. Information technology is measured by a foam'southward indentation force deflection (IFD) rating. Notwithstanding, it is not a complete measurement of a "soft" or "firm" experience. A foam of college IFD only lower density tin feel soft when compressed.

IFD measures the force in newtons (or pounds-forcefulness) required to make a paring 1 inch into a foam sample 500 mm x 500 mm ten 100 mm (or 15" ten 15" x iv") past a 323 cm³ (50 sq in, eight-inch-bore) disc—known equally IFD @ 25% pinch.^[9] IFD ratings for retentiveness foams range between super soft (IFD 10) and semi-rigid (IFD 12). Most memory foam mattresses are firm (IFD 12 to IFD 16).

Second and tertiary generation memory foams accept an open up-cell structure that reacts to torso estrus and weight by molding to the sleeper'due south trunk, helping salvage pressure points, preventing force per unit area sores, etc.^{[10] [ better source needed ]} Manufacturers merits that this may help relieve force per unit area points to salve hurting and promote more restful sleep, although there are no objective studies supporting the mattresses' claimed benefits.^[eleven]

Memory foam mattresses retain body estrus, and so they can be excessively warm in hot weather. Yet, gel-blazon retentivity foams tend to be cooler due to their greater breathability.^[12]

Hazards [edit]

Emissions from retention foam mattresses may directly crusade more respiratory irritation than other mattresses. Memory foam, like other polyurethane products, tin can be combustible.^[13] Laws in several jurisdictions take been enacted to require that all bedding, including memory foam items, be resistant to ignition from an open flame such equally a candle or cigarette lighter. Us bedding laws that went into issue in 2010 alter the Cal-117 Bulletin for FR testing.^[14]

There is concern that high levels of the fire retardant PBDE commonly used in memory foam could cause health issues for some users.^[fifteen] PBDEs are no longer used in most bedding foams, especially in the European Marriage.

Manufacturers caution about leaving babies and small-scale children unattended on retention foam mattresses, as they may discover it difficult to plow over and may suffocate.^[12]

The United states of america Environmental Protection Agency published ii documents proposing National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAP) concerning hazardous emissions produced during the making of flexible polyurethane foam products.^[xvi] The HAP emissions associated with polyurethane foam production include methylene chloride, toluene diisocyanate, methyl chloroform, methylene diphenyl diisocyanate, propylene oxide, diethanolamine, methyl ethyl ketone, methanol, and toluene. Withal, non all chemical emissions associated with the production of these textile take been classified. Methylene chloride makes up over 98 per centum of the total HAP emissions from this industry. Short-term exposure to high concentrations of methylene chloride likewise irritates the nose and throat. The effects of chronic (long-term) exposure to methylene chloride in humans involve the central nervous system, and include headaches, dizziness, nausea, and memory loss. Animal studies indicate that inhalation of methylene chloride affects the liver, kidney, and cardiovascular organization. Developmental or reproductive effects of methylene chloride take not been reported in humans, merely limited animal studies have reported lowered fetal body weights in exposed rats.^[17]

See also [edit]

• Depression-resilience polyurethane
• Sorbothane
• Neoprene
• Listing of polyurethane applications

References [edit]

1. ^ Nelles, Barbara. "Exhibitors emphasize value pricing in Vegas Cream trends, adjustables and acme-of-bed also brand news Archived 2014-02-03 at the Wayback Motorcar." BedTimes Mag. November 2009. Retrieved 2020-12-29.
2. ^ ^{a b} Krebs, Michael. "The Adjustment of Physical Backdrop of Viscoelastic Foam – the Role of Unlike Raw Materials" (PDF). pu-additives.com . Retrieved 21 May 2020.
3. ^ Landers, R. "The Importance of Cell Construction for Viscoelastic Foams" (PDF). pu-additives.com . Retrieved 21 May 2020.
4. ^ Scarfato, Paola; Di Maio, Luciano; Incarnato, Loredana (16 October 2016). "Structure and concrete-mechanical properties related to comfort of flexible polyurethane foams for mattress and furnishings of bogus weathering". Composites Function B. 109: 45–52. doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2016.ten.041.
5. ^ ^{a b} "spinoff 2005-Forty-Year-Sometime Foam Springs Back With New Benefits". nasa.gov. Archived from the original on xx March 2009.
6. ^ ""Eight spin-offs from space" Article from Cosmos Magazine". The Good for you Foundations Blog. Archived from the original on 2014-02-01. Retrieved 2014-01-25 .
7. ^ Peterson, Bruce W. "Mr". Polyurethane Gel-Like Polymers, Methods and Use in Flexible Foams. Archived from the original on 2014-04-19. Retrieved 2014-04-eighteen .
8. ^ Santo, Loredana; Bellisario, Denise; Quadrini, Fabrizio (25 January 2018). "Shape Memory Behavior of PET Foams". Polymers. ten (115): 115. doi:10.3390/polym10020115. PMC6415055. PMID 30966151.
9. ^ "Polyurethane Foam Association". pfa.org. Archived from the original on 2010-01-04. Retrieved 2010-01-15 .
10. ^ Strand, Andrea. "Retentivity Cream Mattresses Guide For Side Sleepers". Retrieved 17 August 2018.
11. ^ Annie Stuart (2010-02-08). "Memory Foam Mattresses: Benefits and Disadvantages". WebMD.
12. ^ ^{a b} Laurie Brenner. "Memory Foam Dangers". SFGATE (website of the San Francisco Chronicle) . Retrieved 13 May 2019.
13. ^ "Is Memory-Foam Bedding a Burn Take a chance?". Archived from the original on 2015-07-26. Retrieved 2015-09-09 .
14. ^ "Federal Mattress Standard - Bureau of Habitation Furnishing and Thermal Insulation". ca.gov. Archived from the original on 2008-09-16.
15. ^ Arlene Blum The Fire Retardant Dilemma Archived 2009-06-05 at the Wayback Machine. Science. 12 Oct 2007: 194b-195b.
16. ^ Federal Register / Vol. 61, No. 250 / Friday, December 27, 1996 / Proposed Rule: Environmental Protection Agency Archived January ix, 2012, at the Wayback Machine and Environmental Protection Agency Archived 2012-01-09 at the Wayback Automobile Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 194 /Wednesday, October 7, 1998 /Rules and Regulations
17. ^ Environmental Protection Bureau Archived 2012-01-09 at the Wayback Machine Federal Annals / Vol. 63, No. 194 /Wednesday, October seven, 1998 /Rules and Regulations

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_foam

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